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1
James Boyce, «Parental Anxiety: Why Do Mums and Dads Feel So Guilty?» Guardian, August 5, 2014, www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2014/aug/06/parental-anxiety-why-do-mums-and-dads-feel-so-guilty.
2
Там же.
3
Amy Chua, Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother (New York: Penguin Press, 2011).
4
Lenore Skenazy, Free-Range Kids: Giving Our Children the Freedom We Had Without Going Nuts with Worry (Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2009).
5
Bharat B. Biswal, Maarten Mennes, Xi-Nian Zuo, Suril Gohel, Clare Kelly, Steve M. Smith, Christian F. Beckmann, et al., «Toward Discovery Science of Human Brain Function,» Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 107, no. 10 (2010): 4734–39.
6
T. H. Clutton-Brock, The Evolution of Parental Care (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1991).
7
Janine Beisson, and T. M. Sonneborn, «Cytoplasmic Inheritance of the Organization of the Cell Cortex in Paramecium Aurelia,» Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 53, no. 2 (1965): 275–82.
8
Polar Bears International, «Polar Bear Mothers and Cubs FAQ,» Polar Bears International, www.polarbearsinternational.org/sites/default/files/polar_bear_mothers_and_cubs_faq.pdf.
9
The Fox Website, «Do Foxes Hunt in Packs?» The Mammal Group, University of Bristol, www.thefoxwebsite.net/faq/foxecology#q3.
10
Robin W. Baird, «The Killer Whale,» in Cetacean Societies: Field Studies of Dolphins and Whales, ed. Janet Mann (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000), 127–53.
11
Polar Bears International, «Polar Bear Mothers and Cubs FAQ,» Polar Bears International, www.polarbearsinternational.org/sites/default/files/polar_bear_mothers_and_cubs_faq.pdf.
12
David. C. Geary, «Evolution of Paternal Investment,» in The Handbook of Evolutionary Psychology, ed. David M. Buss (Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2005), 483–505.
13
Там же.
14
Dorothy G. Singer, Roberta Michnick Golinkoff, and Kathy Hirsh-Pasek, eds., Play = Learning: How Play Motivates and Enhances Children's Cognitive and Social-Emotional Growth (New York: Oxford University Press, 2006).
15
Jennifer Kromberg, «How Dads Shape Daughters' Relationships: Dad Creates a Daughter's Conscious and Unconscious Relationship Expectations,» Psychology Today, July 1, 2013, www.psychologytoday.com/blog/inside-out/201307/how-dads-shape-daughters-relationships.
16
Arnold Sameroff, «Transactional Models in Early Social Relations,» Human Development 18, nos. 1–2 (1975): 65–79.
17
Там же, David A. Kolb, Experiential Learning: Experience as the Source of Learning and Development (Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, 2014).
18
Weiyi Ma, Roberta Michnick Golinkoff, Derek Houston, Kathy Hirsh-Pasek, «Word Learning in Infant– and Adult-Directed Speech,» Language Learning and Development 7, no. 3 (2011): 185–201. Douglas Quenqua, «Quality of Words, Not Quantity, Is Crucial to Language Skills, Study Finds,» New York Times, October 16, 2014, www.nytimes.com/2014/10/17/us/quality-of-words-not-quantity-is-crucial-to-language-skills-study-finds.html.
19
Kim Parker and Wendy Wang, «Modern Parenthood: Roles of Moms and Dads Converge as They Balance Work and Family,» Pew Research Center, March 14, 2013, www.pewsocialtrends.org/2013/03/14/modern-parenthood-roles-of-moms-and-dads-converge-as-they-balance-work-and-family/.
20
Там же.
21
Common Core State Standards Initiative, «Home,» Common Core State Standards Initiative, www.corestandards.org.
22
Brent Gleeson, «3 Great Examples of Successful Mom Entrepreneurs,» Forbes, June 12, 2014, www.forbes.com/sites/brentgleeson/2014/06/12/3-great-examples-of-successful-mom-entrepreneurs.
23
Federal Trade Commission, «Ads Touting 'Your Baby Can Read' Were Deceptive, FTC Complaint Alleges,» FTC, August 28, 2012, www.ftc.gov/news-events/pressreleases/2012/08/ads-touting-your-baby-can-read-were-deceptive-ftc-complaint.
24
Там же.
25
Judy S. DeLoache, Cynthia Chiong, Kathleen Sherman, Nadia Islam, Mieke Vanderborght, Georgene L. Troseth, Gabrielle A. Strouse, and Katherine O'Doherty, «Do Babies Learn from Baby Media?» Psychological Science 21, no. 11 (2010): 1570–74.
26
Heather L. Kirkorian, Ellen A. Wartella, and Daniel R. Anderson, «Media and Young Children's Learning,» The Future of Children 18, no. 1 (2008): 39.
27
DeLoache, et al., «Do Babies Learn from Baby Media?» 1570.
28
David Crary, «Your Baby Can Read Company Going Out Of Business,» HuffPostParents, July 16, 2012, www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/07/16/your-baby-can-read_n_1677465.html.
29
Federal Trade Commission, «Defendants Settle FTC Charges Related to 'Your Baby Can Read' Program,» Federal Trade Commission, August 22, 2014, www.ftc.gov/news-events/press-releases/2014/08/defendants-settle-ftc-charges-related-your-baby-can-read-program.
30
Your Baby Can Learn, Web site, http://yourbabycanlearn.com.
31
Elizabeth L. Tighe and Christopher Schatschneider, «A Dominance Analysis Approach to Determining Predictor Importance in Third, Seventh, and Tenth Grade Reading Comprehension Skills,» Reading and Writing 27, no. 1 (2014): 101–27.
32
Georgette L. Troseth and Judy S. DeLoache, «The Medium Can Obscure the Message: Young Children's Understanding of Video,» Child Development 69, no. 4 (1998): 950–65.
33
Robert E. Owens Jr., Language Development: An Introduction, 9th ed. (Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, 2014).
34
Gordon Wells, The Meaning Makers: Children Learning Language and Using Language to Learn (Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann Educational Books, 1986).
35
Steven Pinker, Language Learnability and Language Development (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1996).
36
Там же.
37
Marlene Sandlund, Suzanne McDonough, and Charlotte Hager-Ross, «Interactive Computer Play in Rehabilitation of Children with Sensorimotor Disorders: A Systematic Review,» Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology 51, no. 3 (2009): 173–79.
38
Tristan Lavender, and Bernhard Hommel, «Affect and Action: Towards an Event-Coding Account,» Cognition and Emotion 21, no. 6 (2007): 1270–96.
39
Bernhard Hommel, «Action Control According to TEC (Theory of Event Coding),» Psychological Research 73, no. 4 (2009): 512–26.
40
Martin S. Banks and Philip Salapatek, «Infant Visual Perception,» in Handbook of Child Psychology, ed. Paul H. Mussen (Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 1983).
41
Patricia K. Kuhl and Andrew N. Meltzoff, «The Bimodal Perception of Speech in Infancy,» Science 218, no. 4577 (1982): 1138–41, цитата на с. 1138, выделено автором.
42
Robert Plutchik, Emotion: A Psychoevolutionary Synthesis (New York: Harper and Row, 1980).
43
Daniel S. Messinger, Alan Fogel, and K. Laurie Dickson, «A Dynamic Systems Approach to Infant Facial Action,» The Psychology of Facial Expression (1997): 205–26.
44
Sylvie Rayna and Ferre Laevers, «Understanding Children from 0 to 3 Years of Age and Its Implications for Education,» European Early Childhood Education Research Journal 19, no. 2 (2011): 161–72.
45
Lane Strathearn, Jian Li, Peter Fonagy, and P. Read Montague, «What's in a Smile? Maternal Brain Responses to Infant Facial Cues,» Pediatrics 122, no. 1 (2008): 40–51, цитата на с. 40.
46
Heather Bortfeld, Eric Wruck, and David A. Boas, «Assessing Infants' Cortical Response to Speech Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy,» Neuroimage 34, no. 1 (2007): 407–15.
47
Strathearn et al., «What's in a Smile?»
48
Daniela Perani, Ferruccio Fazio, Nunzio Alberto Borghese, Marco Tettamanti, Stefano Ferrari, Jean Decety, and Maria Carla Gilardi, «Different Brain Correlates for Watching Real and Virtual Hand Actions,» Neuroimage 14, no. 3 (2001): 749–58.
49
Betty Hart and Todd R. Risley, Meaningful Differences in the Everyday Experience of Young American Children (Baltimore, MD: Paul H. Brookes Publishing, 1995).
50
Deborah L. Kaplan and Kristina M. Graff, «Marketing Breastfeeding: Reversing Corporate Influence on Infant Feeding Practices,» Journal of Urban Health 85, no. 4 (2008): 486–504, цитата на с. 486.
51
Max R. Bennett, «The Early History of the Synapse: From Plato to Sherrington,» Brain Research Bulletin 50, no. 2 (1999): 95–118.
52
John C. Mazziotta, Arthur W. Toga, Alan Evans, Peter Fox, and Jack Lancaster, «A Probabilistic Atlas of the Human Brain: Theory and Rationale for Its Development,» Neuroimage 2, no. 2 (1995): 89–101.
53
Там же.
54
Paul Broca, «Sur les mots aphemie, aphasie et aphrasie; Lettre a M. le Professeur Trousseau,» Gazette des hopitaux 23 (1864).
55
Bryan Kolb, and Robbin Gibb, «Brain Plasticity and Behaviour in the Developing Brain,» Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 20, no. 4 (2011): 265–76.
56
Tom Feilden, «A golden age of discovery in neuroscience,» BBC, September 5, 2012, www.bbc.com/news/health-19367832.
57
Thad A. Polk and Martha J. Farah, «The Neural Development and Organization of Letter Recognition: Evidence from Functional Neuroimaging, Computational Modeling, and Behavioral Studies,» Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 95, no. 3 (1998): 847–52.
58
A. A. Zevenbergen and G. J. Whitehurst, «Dialogic Reading: A Shared Picture Book Reading Intervention for Preschoolers,» in On Reading Books to Children: Parents and Teachers, ed. Anne van Kleeck, Steven A. Stahl, and Eurydice B. Bauer (Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum Associates, 2003), 177–200, цитата на с. 170; and David S. Arnold and Grover J. Whitehurst, «Accelerating Language Development through Picture Book Reading,» Developmental Psychology 24, no. 4 (1988): 552–59.
59
H. Lodish, A. Berk, S. L. Zipursky, et al., «Overview of Neuron Structure and Function,» section 21.1, in Molecular Cell Biology, 4th edition (New York: W. H. Freeman, 2000).
60
Alan Peters, Sanford L. Palay, and Henry deForest Webster, The Fine Structure of the Nervous System: Neurons and Their Supporting Cells (New York: Oxford University Press, 1991).
61
Bradley J. Molyneaux, Paola Arlotta, Joao R. L. Menezes, and Jeffrey D. Macklis, «Neuronal Subtype Specification in the Cerebral Cortex,» Nature Reviews Neuroscience 8 (2007): 427–37.
62
Frederico A. C. Azevedo, Ludmila R. B. Carvalho, Lea T. Grinberg, Jose Marcelo Farfel, Renata E. L. Ferretti, Renata E. P. Leite, Roberto Lent, and Suzana Hercula no-Houzel, «Equal Numbers of Neuronal and Nonneuronal Cells Make the Human Brain an Isometrically Scaled-Up Primate Brain,» Journal of Comparative Neurology 513, no. 5 (2009): 532–41.
63
Luciano Fadiga, Laila Craighero, and Alice Roy, «Broca's Region: A Speech Area?» in Broca's Region, ed. Yosef Grodzinsky and Katrin Amunts (New York: Oxford University Press, 2006), 137–52.
64
Karl Wernicke, «The Aphasia Symptom-Complex: A Psychological Study on an Anatomical Basis,» in Reader in the History of Aphasia: From Franz Gall to Norman Geschwind, ed. Paul Eling (Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 1994), 69–89.
65
Margaret A. Naeser, Nancy Helm-Estabrooks, Gale Haas, Sanford Auerbach, and Malukote Srinivasan, «Relationship Between Lesion Extent in 'Wernicke's Area' on Computed Tomographic Scan and Predicting Recovery of Comprehension in Wernicke's Aphasia,» Archives of Neurology 44 (1987): 73–82.
66
Christian Jarrett, «Why the Left-Brain Right-Brain Myth Will Probably Never Die,» Psychology Today, June 27, 2012, www.psychologytoday.com/blog/brain-myths/201206/why-the-left-brain-right-brain-myth-will-probably-never-die.
67
Mister Numbers, «About Right Brain Math,» Mister Numbers Pattern Play Math, www.patternplaymath.com/about.htm.
68
This quote comes from the Amazon description to Thomas Biesanz, Right Brain Math, (Growth Ink Publishing: 2011), http://www.amazon.com/Right-Brain-Math-Visual-Approach/dp/0979963621/ref=asap_bc?ie=UTF8.
69
Dianne Craft, «Teaching the Right Brain Child: Part I,» Education Network of Christian Homeschoolers, http://www.enochnj.org/media/TeachingTheRightBrainedChild1.pdf.
70
Dianne Craft, «Teaching Your Right Brain Child,» Dianne Craft Child Diagnostics, www.diannecraft.org/teaching-your-right-brain-child.
71
Helmuth Steinmetz and Rudiger J. Seitz, «Functional Anatomy of Language Processing: Neuroimaging and the Problem of Individual Variability,» Neuropsychologia 29, no. 12 (1991): 1149–61.
72
Rosalind Arden, Robert S. Chavez, Rachael Grazioplene, and Rex E. Jung, «Neuroimaging Creativity: A Psychometric View,» Behavioural Brain Research 214, no. 2 (2010): 143–56.
73
Arne Dietrich and Riam Kanso, «A Review of EEG, ERP, and Neuroimaging Studies of Creativity and Insight,» Psychological Bulletin 136, no. 5 (2010): 822–48.
74
Karunesh Ganguly and Mu-ming Poo, «Activity-Dependent Neural Plasticity from Bench to Bedside,» Neuron 80, no. 3 (2013): 729–41.
75
Fergus I. M. Craik and Ellen Bialystok, «Cognition through the Lifespan: Mechanisms of Change,» Trends in Cognitive Sciences 10, no. 3 (2006): 131–38.
76
Nitin Gogtay, Jay N. Giedd, Leslie Lusk, Kiralee M. Hayashi, Deanna Greenstein, A. Catherine Vaituzis, Tom F. Nugent, et al., «Dynamic Mapping of Human Cortical Development during Childhood through Early Adulthood,» Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 101, no. 21 (2004): 8174–79.
77
Там же.
78
Michael M. Merzenich, Randall J. Nelson, Michael P. Stryker, Max S. Cynader, Axel Schoppmann, and John M. Zook, «Somatosensory Cortical Map Changes Following Digit Amputation in Adult Monkeys,» Journal of Comparative Neurology 224, no. 4 (1984): 591–605.
79
Jon H. Kaas, «Neurobiology: Phantoms of the Brain,» Nature 391, no. 6665 (1998): 331–33, цитата на с. 331.
80
Там же.
81
Elise Temple, Gayle K. Deutsch, Russell A. Poldrack, Steven L. Miller, Paula Tallal, Michael M. Merzenich, and John D. E. Gabrieli, «Neural Deficits in Children with Dyslexia Ameliorated by Behavioral Remediation: Evidence from Functional MRI,» Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 100, no. 5 (2003): 2860–65.
82
Ganguly and Poo, «Activity-Dependent Neural Plasticity.»
83
«Scientific Learning Products,» Scientific Learning, www.scilearn.com/products.
84
«Science,» BrainPro, https://brainsparklearning.com/brainpro/science.
85
Paula Tallal, Steve L. Miller, Gail Bedi, Gary Byma, Xiaoqin Wang, Srikantan S. Nagarajan, et al., «Language Comprehension in Language-Learning Impaired Children Improved with Acoustically Modified Speech,» Science 271, no. 5245 (1996): 81–84.
86
Stephen Camarata and Paul Yoder, «Language Transactions during Development and Intervention,» International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience 20, no. 3 (2002): 459–65.
87
Там же.
88
Wendy Cohen, Ann Hodson, Anne O'Hare, James Boyle, Tariq Durrani, Elspeth McCartney, Mike Mattey, et al., «Effects of Computer-Based Intervention through Acoustically Modified Speech (Fast ForWord) in Severe Mixed Receptive-Expressive Language Impairment,» Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 48, no. 3 (2005): 715–29. Stephen Camarata, «Fast ForWord Does Not Significantly Improve Language Skills in Children with Language Disorders,» Evidence-Based Communication Assessment and Intervention 2, no. 2 (2008): 96–98.
89
The State of the News Media 2011, Project for Excellence in Journalism, Pew Research Center, www.stateofthemedia.org/files/2011/01/magazine_audience_e.jpg.
90
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91
Joan Beck, «To Shape a Life, We Must Begin before a Child Is 3,» Chicago Tribune, April 21, 1994.
92
David Perlmutter and Carol Colman, Raise a Smarter Child by Kindergarten: Build a Better Brain and Increase IQ up to 30 Points (New York: Bantam Dell Publishing Group, 2006).
93
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94
Robert DeKeyser, «Age Effects in Second Language Learning,» Language Learning 63 (2013): 52–67.
95
Rod Parker-Rees and Jenny Willan, Early Years Education: Curriculum Issues in Early Childhood Education (New York: Routledge, 2006).
96
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97
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98
Guy Claxton, Hare Brain, Tortoise Mind: Why Intelligence Increases When You Think Less (New York: HarperCollins, 1997).
99
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100
Stephen M. Camarata, Late-Talking Children: A Symptom or a Stage? (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2014).
101
Stephen M. Camarata and Richard G. Schwartz, «Production of Object Words and Action Words: Evidence for a Relationship between Phonology and Semantics,» Journal of Speech and Hearing Research 28, no. 3 (1985): 323–30.
102
David Crystal, «Towards a 'Bucket' Theory of Language Disability: Taking Account of Interaction between Linguistic Levels,» Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics 1, no. 1 (1987): 7–22.
103
Constance Reid, «The Autobiography of Julia Robinson,» College Mathematics Journal 17, no. 1 (1986): 3–21.
104
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105
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106
Christine Sterbenz, «The Heartbreaking Story of Genie, a Feral Child Who Will Never Learn to Communicate,» Business Insider, October 9, 2013, www.businessinsider.com/critical-period-for-language-acquisition-2013-10?op=1.
107
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108
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109
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110
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114
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115
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117
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145
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146
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150
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152
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153
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154
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Nancy D. Baker and Keith E. Nelson, «Recasting and Related Conversational Tech niques for Triggering Syntactic Advances by Young Children,» First Language 5, no. 13 (1984): 3–21.
156
Luciano Fadiga, Laila Craighero, and Alessandro D'Ausilio, «Broca's Area in Language, Action, and Music,» Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1169, no. 1 (2009): 448–58.
157
Elizabeth A. Kensinger and Daniel L. Schacter, «Processing Emotional Pictures and Words: Effects of Valence and Arousal,» Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience 6, no. 2 (2006): 110–26.
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Robert A. Guth, «Raising Bill Gates,» Wall Street Journal, April 25, 2009, www.wsj.com/articles/SB124061372413054653.
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Evan Carmichael, «Before Microsoft: The Upbringing of Bill Gates,» EvanCarmichael.com, www.evancarmichael.com/Famous-Entrepreneurs/556/Before-Microsoft-The-Upbringing-of-Bill-Gates.html.
160
Guth, «Raising Bill Gates.»
161
Там же.
162
Joan Freeman, Gifted Lives: What Happens When Gifted Children Grow Up (New York: Routledge, 2013).
163
Po Bronson and Ashley Merryman, NurtureShock: Why Everything We Think about Raising Our Children Is Wrong (Chatham, UK: Random House, 2009).
164
C. June Maker, «Giftedness, Diversity, and Problem-Solving: Multiple Intelligences and Diversity in Educational Settings,» Teaching Exceptional Children 27, no. 1 (1994): 4–19.
165
Heidi Stevens, «Enough Already! Praise Gets Heavy, Why Can't We Stop?» Southwest, January 2015, 60–69, цитата на с. 61.
166
Carol Dweck, Mindset: The New Psychology of Success (New York: Random House, 2006).
167
Bronson and Merryman, NurtureShock.
168
Там же.
169
Arthur Robert Jensen, The g Factor: The Science of Mental Ability (Westport, CT: Praeger, 1998).
170
M. Alex Meredith and Barry E. Stein, «Visual, Auditory, and Somatosensory Convergence on Cells in Superior Colliculus Results in Multisensory Integration,» Journal of Neurophysiology 56, no. 3 (1986): 640–62.
171
Tom Bartlett, «A New Twist in the Sad Saga of Little Albert,» The Chronicle of Higher Education, May 20, 2015, http://chronicle.com/blogs/percolator/a-new-twist-in-the-sad-saga-of-little-albert/28423.
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Randy L. Page, «Emotional and Rational Product Appeals in Televised Food Advertisements for Children: Analysis of Commercials Shown on U. S. Broadcast Networks,» Journal of Child Health Care 11, no. 4 (2007): 323–40.
173
Arthur R. Jensen and William D. Rohwer Jr., «Verbal Mediation in Paired-Associate and Serial Learning,» Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, no. 5 (1963): 346–52.
174
James H. Geer, Gerald C. Davison, and Robert I. Gatchel, «Reduction of Stress in Humans through Nonveridical Perceived Control of Aversive Stimulation,» Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 16, no. 4 (1970): 731–38. Jens C. Pruessner, Dirk H. Hellhammer, and Clemens Kirschbaum, «Burnout, Perceived Stress, and Cortisol Responses to Awakening,» Psychosomatic Medicine 61, no. 2 (1999): 197–204.
175
Associated Press, «Adrian Peterson Dodges Jail for Beating Kid,» New York Post, November 4, 2014, http://nypost.com/2014/11/04/adrian-peterson-reaches-plea-deal-football-future-in-limbo/.
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James M. Johnston, «Punishment of Human Behavior,» American Psychologist 27, no. 11 (1972): 1033.
177
C. H. Graham and R. M. Gagne, «The Acquisition, Extinction, and Spontaneous Recovery of a Conditioned Operant Response,» Journal of Experimental Psychology 26, no. 3 (1940): 251–80.
178
Digest of Education Statistics, National Center for Education Statistics, http://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d11/tables/dt11_069.asp.
179
Hazel M. Lambert, Teaching the Kindergarten Child (Harcourt, Brace, 1958).
180
Patricia De Cos, «Readiness for Kindergarten: What Does It Mean?» California Research Bureau, California State Library, December 1997, 4–5. CRB-97–014.
181
W. Steven Barnett and Donald J. Yarosz, «Who Goes to Preschool and Why Does It Matter?» Preschool Policy Matters, no. 15 (2007).
182
Ann Higgins Hains, Susan A. Fowler, Ilene S. Schwartz, Esther Kottwitz, and Sharon Rosenkoetter, «A Comparison of Preschool and Kindergarten Teacher Expectations for School Readiness,» Early Childhood Research Quarterly 4, no. 1 (1989): 75–88. Табл. 1 на с. 80–83.
183
Там же.
184
Там же.
185
Common Core State Standards Initiative, «Home,» Common Core State Standards Initiative, www.corestandards.org.
186
Common Core State Standards Initiative, «Kindergarten: Introduction,» Mathematics, Common Core State Standards Initiatives, www.corestandards.org/Math/Content/K/introduction.
187
Там же.
188
Jill Anderson, «Changing Readers, Changing Texts: Ed School Hosts Fifth Annual Jeanne Chall Lecture,» News and Events, Harvard Graduate School of Education, 12 февраля 2010 года, www.gse.harvard.edu/news/10/02/changing-readers-changing-texts-ed-school-hosts-fifth-annual-jeanne-chall-lecture.
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Jon Guttman, «Was the USA Ever No. 1 in Education?» HistoryNet, October 4, 2012, http://www.historynet.com/was-the-usa-ever-no-1-in-education.htm.
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Bruce Alberts, «Trivializing Science Education,» Science 335, no. 6066 (2012): 263.
191
«'Early Learning' Primer for Parents,» International Parenting Association, www.internationalparentingassociation.org/Early_Learning/accelerate.html.
192
Lorrie A. Shepard and Mary Lee Smith, «Escalating Academic Demand in Kindergarten: Counterproductive Policies,» Elementary School Journal 89, no. 2 (1988): 135–45, цитата на с. 135.
193
Там же.
194
Samuel J. Meisels, «High Stakes Testing in Kindergarten,» Educational Leadership 46, no. 7 (1989): 16–22.
195
Ashlesha Datar, «Does Delaying Kindergarten Entrance Give Children a Head Start?» Economics of Education Review 25, no. 1 (2006): 43–62, цитата на с. 43.
196
Sandra L. Crosser, «Summer Birth Date Children: Kindergarten Entrance Age and Academic Achievement,» Journal of Educational Research 84, no. 3 (1991): 140–46.
197
Meisels, «High Stakes Testing in Kindergarten.»
198
James M. Schuerger, and Anita C. Witt, «The Temporal Stability of Individually Tested Intelligence,» Journal of Clinical Psychology 45, no. 2 (1989): 294–302.
199
Michael J. Roszkowski, «Stability of IQs from Group-Administered Tests: Some Further Data,» Psychological Reports 54, no. 2 (1984): 482.
200
Jasper Copping, «One in Six Parents 'Do All the Homework,'» Telegraph (UK), 16 января 2014 года, www.telegraph.co.uk/education/educationnews/10578136/One-in-six-parents-do-all-the-homework.html.
201
«Data and Statistics,» Autism Spectrum Disorder, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/autism/data.html.
202
Alan Schwarz and Sarah Cohen, «A.D.H.D. Seen in 11 % of U. S. Children as Diagnoses Rise,» New York Times, March 3, 2013, www.nytimes.com/2013/04/01/health/more-diagnoses-of-hyperactivity-causing-concern.html.
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Patrick M. O'Connell, «ADHD, Medication Rates in U. S. Continue to Rise,» AAP News, November 22, 2013, http://aapnews.aappublications.org/content/early/2013/11/22/aapnews.20131122-1.full.pdf+html.
204
David Rettew, «ADHD Medication Rates Across 50 States,» Psychology Today, January 9, 2014, www.psychologytoday.com/blog/abcs-child-psychiatry/201401/adhd-medication-rates-across-50-states.
205
Rae Thomas, Sharon Sanders, Jenny Doust, Elaine Beller, and Paul Glasziou, «Prevalence of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis,» Pediatrics 135, no. 4 (2015): e994–e1001.
206
Camille L. Z. Blachowicz and Peter Fisher, Teaching Vocabulary in All Classrooms (Upper Saddle River, NJ: Merrill/Prentice Hall, 2002).
207
Lloyd M. Dunn and Leota M. Dunn, Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (Circle Pines, MN: American Guidance Service, 1965).
208
Yongqi Gu and Robert Keith Johnson, «Vocabulary Learning Strategies and Language Learning Outcomes,» Language Learning 46, no. 4 (1996): 643–79.
209
Judy S. DeLoache, Cynthia Chiong, Kathleen Sherman, Nadia Islam, Mieke Vanderborght, Georgene L. Troseth, Gabrielle A. Strouse, and Katherine O'Doherty, «Do Babies Learn from Baby Media?» Psychological Science 21, no. 11 (2010): 1570–74, цитата на с. 1570.
210
Там же.
211
Georgene L. Troseth, Megan M. Saylor, and Allison H. Archer, «Young Children's Use of video as a Source of Socially Relevant Information,» Child Development 77, no. 3 (2006): 786–99.
212
Carole Napier, «How Use of Screen Media Affects the Emotional Development of Infants,» Primary Health Care 24, no. 2 (2014): 18–25.
213
Neal Halfon, Amy Houtrow, Kandyce Larson, and Paul W. Newacheck, «The Changing Landscape of Disability in Childhood,» The Future of Children 22, no. 1 (2012): 13–42.
214
Candace Cortiella, The State of Learning Disabilities (New York: National Center for Learning Disabilities, 2011).
215
«Literacy,» The World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency, https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2103.html.
216
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Students with Disabilities, Learning Difficulties and Disadvantages: Policies, Statistics and Indicators, 2007 Edition (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2008).
217
Lynn Hughes, «Letter to the Editor: How We Diagnose and Treat A. D.H.D.,» New York Times, March 5, 2014, www.nytimes.com/2014/03/05/opinion/how-we-diagnose-and-treat-adhd.html?_r=0.
218
Craig J. Newschaffer, Matthew D. Falb, and James G. Gurney, «National Autism Prevalence Trends from United States Special Education Data,» Pediatrics 115, no. 3 (2005): e277–e282.
219
Richard P. Smith, «Boredom: A Review,» Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 23, no. 3 (1981): 329–40.
220
Annetta Weber, Chantal Fussler, J. F. O'Hanlon, R. Gierer, and E. Grandjean, «Psychophysiological Effects of Repetitive Tasks,» Ergonomics 23, no. 11 (1980): 1033–46.
221
William L. Mikulas and Stephen J. Vodanovich, «The Essence of Boredom,» Psychological Record 43, no. 1 (1993): 3–12.
222
Lannie Kanevsky and Tacey Keighley, «To Produce or Not to Produce? Understanding Boredom and the Honor in Underachievement,» Roeper Review 26, no. 1 (2003): 20–28, цитаты на с. 24.
223
Stewart Shipp, «The Brain Circuitry of Attention,» Trends in Cognitive Sciences 8, no. 5 (2004): 223–30.
224
Michael Rutter, «Incidence of Autism Spectrum Disorders: Changes over Time and Their Meaning,» Acta Paediatrica 94, no. 1 (2005): 2–15.
225
Salynn Boyles, «CDC: Autism Rates Higher than Thought: But More Aggressive Diagnosis May Explain Increase in Cases,» WebMD Health News, December 31, 2002, www.webmd.com/mental-health/news/20021231/cdc-autism-rates-higher-than-thought.
226
«Data and Statistics,» Autism Spectrum Disorder, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/autism/data.html.
227
Там же.
228
Maureen W. Lovett, Susan L. Borden, Teresa DeLuca, Lea Lacerenza, Nancy J. Benson, and Demaris Brackstone, «Treating the Core Deficits of Developmental Dyslexia: Evidence of Transfer of Learning after Phonologically– and Strategy-Based Reading Training Programs,» Developmental Psychology 30, no. 6 (1994): 805–22.
229
Donald L. Compton, Amanda C. Miller, Amy M. Elleman, and Laura M. Steacy, «Have We Forsaken Reading Theory in the Name of 'Quick Fix' Interventions for Children with Reading Disability?» Scientific Studies of Reading 18, no. 1 (2014): 55–73.
230
Там же.
231
M. Scheiman, S. Cotter, M. Rouse, G. L. Mitchell, M. Kulp, J. Cooper, and E. Borsting, «Randomised Clinical Trial of the Effectiveness of Base-In Prism Reading Glasses versus Placebo Reading Glasses for Symptomatic Convergence Insufficiency in Children,» British Journal of Ophthalmology 89, no. 10 (2005): 1318–23, цитата на с. 1318.
232
Cecilia Elena Rouse and Alan B. Krueger, «Putting Computerized Instruction to the Test: A Randomized Evaluation of a 'Scientifically Based' Reading Program,» Economics of Education Review 23, no. 4 (2004): 323–38, цитата на с. 323.
233
«How It Works,» Interactive Metronome, www.interactivemetronome.com/index.php/what-is-imhome/how-it-works.html. Доступно с 11 февраля 2015 года.
234
Там же.
235
See, for example, Sigmund Eldevik, Richard P. Hastings, J. Carl Hughes, Erik Jahr, Svein Eikeseth, and Scott Cross, «Meta-Analysis of Early Intensive Behavioral Intervention for Children with Autism,» Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology 38, no. 3 (2009): 439–50.
236
«Patients Who Can Benefit,» Interactive Metronome, www.interactivemetronome.com/index.php/what-is-imhome/patients-who-can-enefit.html.
237
Lakshmi Gandhi, «A History Of 'Snake Oil Salesmen,'» Code Switch, NPR, February 26, 2013, www.npr.org/blogs/codeswitch/2013/08/26/215761377/a-history-of-snake-oil-salesmen.
238
Elizabeth A. Harris, «Sharp Rise in Occupational Therapy Cases at New York's Schools,» New York Times, February 17, 2015, www.nytimes.com/2015/02/18/nyregion/new-york-city-schools-see-a-sharp-increase-in-occupational-therapy-cases.html.
239
Michelle Zimmer, Larry Desch, Lawrence D. Rosen, Michelle L. Bailey, David Becker, Timothy P. Culbert, Hilary McClafferty, et al., «Sensory Integration Therapies for Children with Developmental and Behavioral Disorders,» Pediatrics 129, no. 6 (2012): 1186–89, цитата на с. 1186.
240
Там же.
241
Jennifer Stephenson and Mark Carter, «The Use of Weighted Vests with Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders and Other Disabilities,» Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 39, no. 1 (2009): 105–14, цитата на с. 105.
242
Andrew J. Wakefield, Simon H. Murch, Andrew Anthony, John Linnell, D. M. Casson, Mohsin Malik, Mark Berelowitz, et al., "Ileal-Lymphoid-Nodular Hyperplasia, 351, no. 9103 (1998): 637–41.
243
Melly Alazraki, «The Autism Vaccine Fraud: Dr. Wakefield's Costly Lie to Society,» Daily Finance, January 12, 2011, www.dailyfinance.com/2011/01/12/autism-vaccine-fraud-wakefield-cost-money-deaths.
244
Clare Dyer, «Lancet Retracts Wakefield's MMR Paper,» British Medical Journal 340 (2010): c696.
245
Fiona Godlee, Jane Smith, and Harvey Marcovitch, «Wakefield's Article Linking MMR Vaccine and Autism Was Fraudulent,» British Medical Journal 342 (2011).
246
Stephen M. Camarata, Late-Talking Children: A Symptom or a Stage? (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2014).
247
Robert L. Koegel, Daniel Openden, and Lynn Kern Koegel, «A Systematic Desensitization Paradigm to Treat Hypersensitivity to Auditory Stimuli in Children with Autism in Family Contexts,» Research and Practice for Persons with Severe Disabilities 29, no. 2 (2004): 122–34.
248
George J. DuPaul, Tanya L. Eckert, and Brigid Vilardo, «The Effects of School-Based Interventions for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Meta-Analysis 1996–2010,» School Psychology Review 41, no. 4 (2012): 387–412. Russell A. Barkley, ed., Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Handbook for Diagnosis and Treatment (New York: Guilford Publications, 2014).
249
Там же.
250
Mark D. Rapport, Sarah A. Orban, Michael J. Kofler, and Lauren M. Friedman, «Do Programs Designed to Train Working Memory, Other Executive Functions, and Attention Benefit Children with ADHD? A Meta-Analytic Review of Cognitive, Academic, and Behavioral Outcomes,» Clinical Psychology Review 33, no. 8 (2013): 1237–52, цитата на с. 1237.
251
DuPaul, Eckert, and Vilardo, «The Effects of School-Based Interventions for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder,» 387–412.
252
Sheila Wolfendale, ed. Parent Partnership Services for Special Educational Needs: Cele brations and Challenges (New York: Routledge, 2013). Laura Lee McIntyre, «Parent Training Interventions to Reduce Challenging Behaviour in Children with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities,» International Review of Research in Developmental Disabilities 44, no. 1 (2013): 245–79.
253
Pamela Kilian, Barbara Bush: Matriarch of a Dynasty (New York: Macmillan, 2003), 50.