Примечания книги «Большая четверка». Автор книги Скотт Гэллоуэй

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Книга «Большая четверка»
С начала нового тысячелетия Apple, Amazon, Facebook и Google радикально изменили ландшафт мировой экономики и модели потребления, общения и развития. Даже если вы не собираетесь конкурировать или сотрудничать ни с кем из «Большой четверки», вам придется жить в мире, где правила диктуют они. И чтобы сделать свою жизнь максимально комфортной, вам стоит разобраться в том, как этим компаниям удается поддерживать свое влияние.Для всех, кто интересуется «кухней» бизнес-империй.На русском языке публикуется впервые.

Примечания книги

1

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2

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3

Последняя миля – канал, соединяющий конечное (клиентское) оборудование с узлом доступа провайдера (оператора связи). Например, при предоставлении услуги подключения к сети последняя миля – участок от порта коммутатора провайдера на его узле связи до порта маршрутизатора клиента в его офисе.

Современные технологии передачи данных и связи позволяют обеспечивать высокоскоростную передачу данных на дальних расстояниях. Однако эти решения хороши только для соединения крупных узлов сети; как правило, такими узлами являются провайдеры. Применение таких сложных высокоскоростных решений для связи узлов и конечных потребителей (связь интернет-провайдеров и абонентов) экономически невыгодно. Поэтому перед провайдерами возникла проблема «последней мили» – необходимость дешево и просто обеспечить абонентов быстрым доступом в интернет. Прим. ред.

4

Высадка в Нормандии, или операция «Нептун», – морская десантная операция, проведенная 6 июня 1944 года в Нормандии во время Второй мировой войны силами США, Великобритании, Канады и их союзников против Германии. Прим. ред.

5

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6

В 2018 г. Джефф Безос возглавил рейтинг самых богатых людей планеты. Прим. ред.

7

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8

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9

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10

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11

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12

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13

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20

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22

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24

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25

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26

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27

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28

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29

Soper, Spencer. “More Than 50 % of Shoppers Turn First to Amazon in Product Search.” Bloomberg. September 27, 2016. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-09-27/more-than-50-of-shoppers-turn-first-to-amazon-in-product-search.

30

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31

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32

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33

Gajanan, Mahita. “More Than Half of the Internet’s Sales Growth Now Comes From Amazon.” Fortune. February 1, 2017. http://fortune.com/2017/02/01/amazon-online-sales-growth-2016/.

34

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35

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37

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38

Kim, Eugene. “This Chart Shows How Amazon Could Become the First $1 Trillion Company.” Business Insider. December 7, 2016. http://www.businessinsider.com/how-amazon-could-become-the-first-1-trillion-business-2016-12.

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41

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42

Van Aswegen, Anneke. “Women vs. Men – Gender Differences in Purchase Decision Making.” Guided Selling. October 29, 2015. http://www.guided-selling.org/women-vs-men-gender-differences-in-purchase-decision-making.

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Duenwald, Mary. “The Psychology of … Hoarding.” Discover. October 1, 2004. http://discovermagazine.com/2004/oct/psychology-of-hoarding.

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47

СЕО – генеральный директор компании. Прим. ред.

48

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Friedman, Josh. “Decade’s Hottest Stocks Reflect Hunger for Anything Tech.” Los Angeles Times. December 28, 1999. http://articles.latimes.com/1999/dec/28/business/fi-48388.

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53

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55

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56

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Skorupa, Joe. “10 Oldest U.S. Retailers.” RIS. August 19, 2008. https://risnews.com/10-oldest-us-retailers.

59

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61

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62

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63

Концепция «длинный хвост» описывает новую модель бизнеса, ориентированную на продажу продуктов и услуг, нацеленных на узкие, нишевые аудитории, которые оказались в хвосте кривой спроса; концепция сформулирована Крисом Андерсоном. Подробнее об этом см. Андерсон К. Длинный хвост. Эффективная модель бизнеса в интернете. М.: Манн, Иванов и Фербер, 2012. Прим. ред.

64

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65

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66

Del Rey, Jason. “Amazon has at least 66 million Prime members but subscriber growth may be slowing.” Recode. February 3, 2017. https://www.recode.net/2017/2/3/14496740/amazon-prime-membership-numbers-66-million-growth-slowing.

67

Gajanan, Mahita. “More Than Half of the Internet’s Sales Growth Now Comes From Amazon.” Fortune. February 1, 2017. http://fortune.com/2017/02/01/amazon-online-sales-growth-2016/.

68

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69

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70

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74

Amazon Dash is a button you place anywhere in your home that connects to the Amazon app through Wi-Fi for one-click ordering. https://www.amazon.com/Dash-Buttons/b?ie=UTF8&node=10667898011.

75

http://www.businessinsider.com/amazon-prime-wardrobe-2017-6.

76

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79

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80

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81

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82

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83

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84

Хоум-ран – удар в бейсболе, при котором мяч вылетает за пределы игрового поля. Прим. ред.

85

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86

Bishop, Todd. “The cost of convenience: Amazon’s shipping losses top $7B for first time.” GeekWire. February 9, 2017. http://www.geekwire.com/2017/true-cost-convenience-amazons-annual-shipping-losses-top-7b-first-time/.

87

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88

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89

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90

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91

Goodkind, Nicole. “Amazon Beats Apple as Most Trusted Company in U.S.: Harris Poll.” Yahoo! Finance. February 12, 2013. http://finance.yahoo.com/blogs/daily-ticker/amazon-beats-apple-most-trusted-company-u-harris-133107001.html.

92

Adams, Susan. “America’s Most Reputable Companies, 2015.” Forbes. May 13, 2015. https://www.forbes.com/sites/susanadams/2015/05/13/americas-most-reputable-companies-2015/#4b231fd21bb6.

93

Dignan, Larry. “Amazon posts its first net profit.” CNET. February 22, 2002. https://www.cnet.com/news/amazon-posts-its-first-net-profit/.

94

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95

King, Hope. “Amazon’s $160 billion business you’ve never heard of.” CNN Tech. November 4, 2015. http://money.cnn.com/2015/11/04/technology/amazon-aws-160-billion-dollars/.

96

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97

L2 Inc. “Scott Galloway: This Is the Top of the Market.” L2 Inc. February 16, 2017. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uIXJNt-7aY4&t=1m8s.

98

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/16/business/dealbook/amazon-whole-foods.html?_r=0.

99

Rao, Leena. “Amazon Prime Now Has 80 Million Members.” Fortune. April 25, 2017. http://fortune.com/2017/04/25/amazon-prime-growing-fast/.

100

Griffin, Justin. “Have a look inside the 1-million-square-foot Amazon fulfillment center in Ruskin.” Tampa Bay Times. March 30, 2016. http://www.tampabay.com/news/business/retail/have-a-look-inside-the-1-million-square-foot-amazon-fulfillment-center-in/2271254.

101

Tarantola, Andrew. “Amazon is getting into the oceanic freight shipping game.” Engadget. January 14, 2016. https://www.engadget.com/2016/01/14/amazon-is-getting-into-the-oceanic-freight-shipping-game/.

102

Tarantola, Andrew. “Amazon is getting into the oceanic freight shipping game.” Engadget. January 14, 2016. https://www.engadget.com/2016/01/14/amazon-is-getting-into-the-oceanic-freight-shipping-game/.

103

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104

Kapner, Suzanne. “Upscale Shopping Centers Nudge Out Down-Market Malls.” Wall Street Journal. April 20, 2016. https://www.wsj.com/articles/upscale-shopping-centers-nudge-out-down-market-malls-1461193411?ru=yahoo?mod=yahoo_itp.

105

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/16/business/dealbook/amazon-whole-foods.html?_r=0.

106

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/16/business/dealbook/amazon-whole-foods.html?_r=0.

107

https://www.recode.net/2017/3/8/14850324/amazon-books-store-bellevue-mall-expansion.

108

Поп-ап стор – временная торговая площадка, открываемая на ограниченный период (день, неделю, месяц) в целях повышения продаж и привлечения новых покупателей. Даты открытия и закрытия оглашаются заранее и обычно приурочиваются к значимому событию. Прим. ред.

109

Addady, Michal. “Here’s How Many Pop-Up Stores Amazon Plans to Open.” Fortune. September 9, 2016. http://fortune.com/2016/09/09/amazon-pop-up-stores/.

110

Carrig, David. “Sears, J.C. Penney, Kmart, Macy’s: These retailers are closing stores in 2017.” USA Today. May 9, 2017. https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/2017/03/22/retailers-closing-stores-sears-kmart-jcpenney-macys-mcsports-gandermountian/99492180/.

111

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112

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113

Айн Рэнд (настоящее имя Алиса Розенбаум; 1905–1982) – американская писательница и философ. Создатель философского направления объективизма, основанного на принципах индивидуализма и разумного эгоизма в противовес коллективизму. Защищала неограниченный капитализм и единственной правомерной функцией государства считала защиту прав человека (в том числе права собственности). Ее перу принадлежат романы «Источник» (1943), «Атлант расправил плечи» (1957) и др., а также философские труды: «Добродетель эгоизма» (1964), «Капитализм: неизвестный идеал» (1966), «Новые левые: антииндустриальная революция» (1971) и др. Прим. ред.

114

Дарт Мол – персонаж телеэпопеи «Звездные войны», темный владыка ситхов. Прим. ред.

115

Coster, Helen. “Diapers.com Rocks Online Retailing.” Forbes. April 8, 2010. https://www.forbes.com/forbes/2010/0426/entrepreneurs-baby-diapers-e-commerce-retail-mother-lode.html.

116

Wauters, Robin. “Confirmed: Amazon Spends $545 Million on Diapers.com Parent Quidsi.” TechCrunch. November 8, 2010. https://techcrunch.com/2010/11/08/confirmed-amazon-spends-545-million-on-diapers-com-parent-quidsi/.

117

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