Примечания книги Слишком толстая, слишком пошлая, слишком громкая. Автор книги Энн Хелен Питерсон

Онлайн книга

Книга Слишком толстая, слишком пошлая, слишком громкая
Вы знаете этот тип: женщина, которой не закроешь рот, которой не занимать дерзости, у которой на все есть свое мнение, которая всегда и во всем «слишком». Это непокорная женщина, и она воплощает в себе одну из самых провокативных и современных форм женственности. Энн Хелен Питерсон, используя призму «непокорности», исследует феномен восхождения к славе таких знаменитостей, как Серена Уильямс, Хилари Клинтон, Ники Менаж и Ким Кардашьян. Она размышляет о том, почему публика так яростно любит и ненавидит неоднозначных селебрити. Автор BuzzFeed предлагает свой взгляд на то, как знаменитые женщины раздвигают границы набившего оскомину стандарта «нормальности».

Примечания книги

1

Курс на либерализацию экономики. (Здесь и далее, кроме спец. указ., – прим. ред.)

2

Kathleen Rowe Karlyn, The Unruly Woman: Gender and the Genres of Laughter (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1995).

3

Там же.

4

Понятие abject в современной гуманитарной науке имеет двойственное значение: «исключительное» не только в смысле его ненормативной, «уникальной» природы, но и реальную исключенность из социального порядка (женщины, безработные, нищие, иммигранты, национальные и сексуальные меньшинства, квир и т. д. и т. п.). (Прим. пер.)

5

Данэм, Лина. Я не такая. Девчонка рассказывает, чему она «научилась» / Лина Данэм; пер. с англ. Е. Чебучевой. – М.: CORPUS, 2016.

6

Dominic Patten, «Bruce Jenner Interview Ratings Hit Newsmag Demo Record in Live+3», Deadline Hollywood, April 29, 2015, http://deadline.com/2015/04/bruce-jenner-interview-ratings-diane-sawyer-20–20–1201416149/.

7

Natalie Robehmed, «Kim Kardashian West’s Earnings: $51 Million in 2016», Forbes, November 16, 2016, http://www.forbes.com/sites/natalierobehmed/2016/11/16/kim-kardashian-wests-earnings-51-million-in-2016/#dde6ff524754.

8

Человек, чье гендерное самовосприятие совпадает с биологическим полом.

9

Joy Duckett Cain and Tamala Edwards, «At the Top of Their Game», Essence, August 1998.

10

Там же.

11

Vicki Michaelis, «Fame, Fortune Can Wait, Father of Two Teenage Tennis Phenoms Maintains», Ottawa Citizen, March 20, 1994.

12

Там же.

13

Там же.

14

Todd Holcomb, «Net Results», The Atlanta Journal-Constitution, March 25, 1998.

15

Там же.

16

Michaelis, «Fame, Fortune Can Wait».

17

Richard Williams with Bart Davis, Black and White: The Way I See It (New York: Atria Books, 2014).

18

Frederick C. Klein, «Will Father Watch the Open?» The Wall Street Journal, August 31, 1998, http://www.wsj.com/articles/SB90451589180108500.

19

«Double Trouble», Women’s Sports & Fitness, November/December 1998.

20

Там же.

21

Там же.

22

Robin Finn, «A Family Tradition at Age 14», The New York Times, October 31, 1995.

23

«Williamses Display Big Power in a Victory and a Tough Loss», St. Paul Pioneer Press, June 1, 1998.

24

Lynn Zinser, «Benefiting from Workload, Serena Williams Has No Plans of Slowing», The New York Times, September 10, 2013, B13.

25

Selena Roberts, «Richard Williams Raises Issues with WTA», The New York Times, November 14, 2000.

26

Michael Silver, «Serena’s at Peace with Herself», Sports Illustrated, March 22, 1999, www.si.com/vault/1999/03/22/257834/serenas-at-peace-with-herself-after-back-to-back-titles-serena-williams-has-no-doubt-she-can-win-big.

27

Mike Walters, «Venus Takes Sis Serena to Court» and «Tennis: Australian Open – Venus Williams to Meet Sister Serena», The Mirror, January 20, 1998.

28

«Williams’s Dad Alleges Racism», The Washington Post, March 27, 2001, https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/sports/2001/03/27/williamss-dad-alleges-racism/63720e58–1ae9–48e7–8577-da4d4b55dd39/?utm_term=.6dc9f3687034.

29

Там же.

30

Caryl Phillips, «Ignored, Resented, Jeered and Mocked – A Youngest Sister Moves Coolly to Greatness», The Guardian, December 21, 2002.

31

Ginia Bellafante, «Shopping With: Serena Williams; Game, Set, Dress Me in Leather», The New York Times, October 17, 1999.

32

Там же.

33

«Serena Reveals and Revels in Her Catsuit: ‘It Is Really Sexy. I Love It,’» National Post (Canada), August 28, 2002.

34

Gibson, M. (2002, September 1). Отдельные части. Sunday Telegraph (Sydney, Australia). Восстановлено 7 апреля 2003 года из базы данных LexisNexis. Цитируется по http://www.csub.edu/~rdugan2/soc%20477%20culture%20readings/serena%20and%20cat%20suit.pdf; Jaime Schultz, «Reading the Catsuit: and Serena Williams and the Production of Blackness at the 2002 U.S. Open», Journal of Sport & Social Issues 29, no. 3 (August 2005): 338–57.

35

Elena Bergeron, «How Serena Williams Became the G.O.A.T»., Fader, October 4, 2016, http://www.thefader.com/2016/10/04/serena-williams-interview-cover-story.

36

Robin Givhan, «A Tight Squeeze at the U.S. Open», The Washington Post, August 30, 2002, https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/2002/08/30/a-tight-squeeze-at-the-us-open/791ff3f9–9fe2–4dc6–8f47-e34c03d52aa3/.

37

Там же.

38

Цитируется в «Serena Williams’s Dress Stole Show», The Gazette [FROM CITY TK], July 26, 2003.

39

Nigel Clarke, «Serena Models Herself on J-Lo», The Express, May 26, 2003.

40

Nicole Lampert, «Courting Attention, Serena and a Beach Bikini», Daily Mail, December 29, 2004.

41

«Sexy… or Scary?» The Mirror (https://www.mirror.co.uk).

42

Здесь имеется в виду европейский футбол – соккер. (Прим. пер.)

43

Уайлд-кард (англ. wild card) – это специальное приглашение для теннисиста, который не прошел в основную сетку ни по рейтингу, ни через квалификационный турнир. Обычно организаторы анализируют выступление игрока на других турнирах, зрительские симпатии и другие нюансы. (Прим. пер.)

44

Vivek Chaudhary, «I Can Beat the Men, Says Serena; The Younger Williams Sister Revives the Court Battle of the Sexes», The Guardian, October 8, 1999.

45

Немецкий теннисист 80-х гг. (Прим. ред.)

46

Там же.

47

Kevin Garside, «Wimbledon 2003 Week 2: Muscles v Brussels; Women’s Semi-Finals», The Mirror, July 3, 2003.

48

Eben Harrell, «Quiet, Please: Will Tennis Pros Give Up the Grunt?» Time, June 22, 2009, http://content.time.com/time/arts/article/0,8599,1905782,00.html.

49

Simon Hattenstone, «Serena’s Triumph over Tragedy a Weepy Classic», The Guardian, January 31, 2007.

50

Simon Hattenstone, «Serena’s Triumph over Tragedy a Weepy Classic», The Guardian, January 31, 2007.

51

Matthew Norman, «Serena’s Loyal Supporters», The Telegraph, January 22, 2006.

52

Brittney C. Cooper, «Refereeing Serena: Racism, Anger, and U.S. (Women’s) Tennis», Crunk Feminist Collective, September 12, 2011, http://www.crunkfeministcollective.com/2011/09/12/refereeing-serena-racism-anger-and-u-s-womens-tennis/.

53

Clare Raymond, «Female Hulk with a Bum to Match», The Mirror, July 18, 2003; and Jason Whitlock, «Serena Could Be the Best Ever, But…», Fox Sports, July 9, 2009, https://web.archive.org/web/20090709162516/http://msn.foxsports.com/tennis/story/9757816/Serena-could-be-the-best-ever, – but-.

54

«Bikini Confessions», People, June 27, 2011, http://people.com/archive/bikini-confessions-vol-75-no-25/

55

Lisa Dillman, «Sanchez Vicario Eludes Serena Williams in 3 Sets», Los Angeles Times, June 1, 1998.

56

«Bikini Confessions».

57

Rebecca Johnson, «Why Serena Williams Is Best Friends with Her Fiercest Competitor», Vogue, March 21, 2015.

58

Stephen Rodrick, «Serena Williams: The Great One», Rolling Stone, June 18, 2013.

59

Amar Singh, «Gamesmanship Set and Match», London Evening Standard, July 3, 2007.

60

«Double Trouble», Women’s Sports & Fitness, November/December 1998.

61

Lisa Dillman, «Sanchez Vicario Eludes Serena Williams in 3 Sets», Los Angeles Times, June 1, 1998.

62

David Jones, «Can Serena Save Herself?» Daily Mail, June 21, 2003.

63

Там же.

64

Douglas Robson, «Serena Shows Renewed Resolve», USA Today, June 1, 2004.

65

Alison Kervin, «Tearful Serena Bows Out», Sunday Times, June 26, 2005.

66

Barney Ronay, «Welcome Back Serena Williams», Sportblog, The Guardian, June 8, 2011.

67

Jo Anne Simon, letter to the editor, The New York Times, September 20, 2009, http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9B01E6DB1439F933A1575AC0A96F9C8B63.

68

Carl Maultsby, letter to the editor, The New York Times, http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9B01E6DB1439F933A1575AC0A96F9C8B63.

69

Kerry Howley, «Serena Williams Is Eyeing a Fashionable Post-Court Life, but First She’s Got Tennis History to Make», New York, August 9, 2015.

70

Cooper, «Refereeing Serena».

71

Diane Pucin, «Serena Williams Advances to Third Round but Is Upset with Court Assignment», Los Angeles Times, June 23, 2011.

72

Kevin Mitchell, «Wimbledon 2011: Serena Williams Deserves Respect. She Should Demand It», Sportsblog, The Guardian, June 24, 2011.

73

Там же.

74

Rodrick, «Serena Williams: The Great One».

75

William D. Friedman, letter to the editor, The New York Times, September 17, 2011, http://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/18/sports/letters-to-the-editor.html.

76

Jim Fitzpatrick and Roy Hegarty, letters to the editor, September 17, 2011, http://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/18/sports/letters-to-the-editor.html.

77

Johnson, «Why Serena Williams Is Best Friends with Her Fiercest Competitor».

78

Там же.

79

Deirdre Edgar, «Sportsperson of the Year Debate Draws Its Own Backlash», Los Angeles Times, December 14, 2015.

80

Claudia Rankine, Citizen: An American Lyric (Minneapolis: Graywolf Press, 2014).

81

Claudia Rankine, «The Meaning of Serena Williams», The New York Times Magazine, August 25, 2015.

82

Bergeron, «How Serena Williams Became The G.O.A.T».

83

Rex Reed, «Declined: In Identity Thief, Bateman’s Bankable Billing Can’t Lift This Flick out of the Red», The Observer, February 5, 2013.

84

Quoted in Debbie Rodan, Katie Ellis, and Pia Lebeck, Disability, Obesity and Ageing: Popular Media Identifications (Farnham, UK: Ashgate, 2014).

85

Hadley Freeman, «Melissa McCarthy: I Love a Woman Who Doesn’t Play by the Rules», The Guardian, May 28, 2016.

86

145 кг.

87

Erik Hedegaard, «Riot Girl», Rolling Stone, July 3, 2014; and Rhys Blakely, «Plus-sized, Outspoken and Over 40, Melissa McCarthy Is Not Your Average A-list Actress», The Times (London), May 30, 2015.

88

Blakely, «Plus-sized, Outspoken and Over 40».

89

Hedegaard, «Riot Girl».

90

Российский размер 42–44.

91

«Big Love of a Different Sort», Toronto Star, October 23, 2010.

92

 11 кг.

93

Hedegaard, «Riot Girl».

94

Lacey Rose, «Melissa McCarthy Is Having Her Moment», The Hollywood Reporter, September 28, 2011.

95

Там же.

96

Там же.

97

Mo Ryan, «Mike & Molly Just Regular People», Chicago Tribune, August 4, 2010.

98

Maureen Elizabeth Johnson, «Mike & Molly – An Other World», master’s thesis, Marshall University, ProQuest Dissertations Publishing, 2013.

99

Brian Lowry, «Review: Mike & Molly», Variety, September 19, 2010.

100

June Thompson, «Mike and Molly Aren’t Afraid to Laugh as They Battle the Bulge», The Gazette (Montreal), October 12, 2010.

101

Alex Strachan, «Dispelling the Myth TV Is Only About the Skinny; Plus-Sized Partners Out Real-Life Problems on the Funny Mike & Molly», Edmonton Journal, March 20, 2011.

102

Ryan, «Mike & Molly Just Regular People».

103

Strachan, «Dispelling the Myth».

104

Там же.

105

«Melissa McCarthy», Daily Variety, June 9, 2011.

106

Karen Valby, «All I Want for Mother’s Day is for ‘Bridesmaids’ Melissa McCarthy to Be a Movie Star», Entertainment Weekly, May 7, 2011.

107

Знаменитый телеведущий кулинарных передач.

108

Там же.

109

Там же.

110

Hedegaard, «Riot Girl».

111

Там же.

112

Внезапное овладение чужим языком.

113

Darryn King, «It’s Not That Women Aren’t Funny. It’s That the Characters Stink – Interview, Melissa McCarthy, Actor, Comedian, Feminist», The Sydney Morning Herald, May 2, 2015.

114

Там же.

115

Brandon Voss, «The A-List Interview: Melissa McCarthy», The Advocate, May 16, 2014.

116

Robbie Collins, «Bridesmaids Star Melissa McCarthy Tells Robbie Collins About Her New Film, Identity Thief, and Breaking into the Hollywood Boys Club of Comedy», The Daily Telegraph, March 22, 2013.

117

King, «It’s Not That Women Aren’t Funny».

118

Blakely, «Plus-sized, Outspoken and Over 40».

119

Judith Newman, «Melissa McCarthy Shares Her Ultimate Secret to Happiness in Redbook’s April Issue», Redbook, March 8, 2016, http://www.redbookmag.com/life/interviews/a42962/melissa-mccarthy-redbook-april-2016-cover-star/.

120

Ramin Setoodeh, «Tammy’s Melissa McCarthy and Ben Falcone Build a Comedy Empire One Rauchy Joke at a Time», Variety, June 24, 2014.

121

David A. Keeps, «Funny Girl: Exclusive Interview with Melissa McCarthy», Good Housekeeping, November 6, 2012; and Hedegaard, «Riot Girl.

122

Blakely, «Plus-sized, Outspoken and Over 40».

123

King, «It’s Not That Women Aren’t Funny»; and Joseph Lamour, «Melissa McCarthy Confronted a Critic Who Said Actresses Should Always Be Pretty in Movies», Upworthy, May 20, 2015, http://www.upworthy.com/melissa-mccarthy-confronted-a-critic-who-said-actresses-should-always-be-pretty-in-movies.

124

Keeps, «Funny Girl».

125

Rose, «Melissa McCarthy Is Having Her Moment».; Dave Itzkoff, «Melissa McCarthy Goes Over the Top», The New York Times, June 13, 2013; and «Melissa McCarthy: I’m Too Friendly for LA», Belfast Telegraph, June 21, 2013.

126

King, «It’s Not That Women Aren’t Funny»; «Melissa McCarthy: The Art of Living Fearlessly», More, June 2015; and Kate Coyne, «Melissa McCarthy: Love the Way You Look!», People, September 21, 2015, 94–99.

127

Kimberly Nordyke, «Melissa McCarthy Named Brand Spokesman for Ivory Soap», Pret-a-Reporter, November 7, 2011.

128

Coyne, «Melissa McCarthy: Love the Way You Look!»

129

Там же.

130

«Melissa McCarthy and the Comedy Issue: This Week’s Cover», Entertainment Weekly, October 27, 2011, http://www.ew.com/article/2011/10/27/melissa-mccarthy-comedy-issue-this-weeks-cover.

131

Keeps, «Funny Girl».

132

Российский 52-й размер.

133

Keeps, «Funny Girl»; and Connie Wang, «Melissa McCarthy Is Not a Fan of the Term ‘Plus-Size’ for Some Very Legit Reasons», Refinery29, August 17, 2015.

134

Edward Barsamian, «Exclusive! Melissa McCarthy Launches Her Fashion Label», Vogue, July 29, 2015.

135

Coyne, «Melissa McCarthy: Love the Way You Look!».

136

Coyne, «Melissa McCarthy: Love the Way You Look!».

137

Wang, «Melissa McCarthy is Not a Fan of the Term ‘Plus-Size’.

138

Mark Harris, «Why Does Hollywood Keep Disrespecting Melissa McCarthy?» Vulture (blog), New York, April 15, 2016.

139

Rebecca Ford, «How Melissa McCarthy Became the New Adam Sandler», The Hollywood Reporter, April 10, 2016.

140

Ted Scheinman, «Bang! Zoom! Straight to the Moon! Melissa McCarthy and the New Female Slapstick», Los Angeles Review of Books, February 20, 2013.

141

Harris, «Why Does Hollywood Keep Disrespecting Melissa McCarthy?»

142

Rebecca Traister, «The Single American Woman», The Cut (blog), New York, http://nymag.com/thecut/2016/02/political-power-single-women-c-v-r.html.

143

Там же.

144

Nick Paumgarten, «Id Girls: The Comedy Couple Behind ‘Broad City’», The New Yorker, June 23, 2014, http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2014/06/23/id-girls.

145

Там же.

146

Ted Simmons, «Amy Poehler Talks ‘Broad City’ Roots and Weirdly Specific ‘Street-Level Feel’», The Hollywood Reporter, November 10, 2014, http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/new-york-comedy-fest-2014–747925.

147

Jon Weisman, «Amy Poehler to Produce Comedy Central Series», Variety, October 8, 2012, http://variety.com/2012/tv/news/amy-poehler-to-produce-comedy-central-series-1118060430/.

148

Gabby Bess, «Coming Out as a #Stonergirl Online: The Emergence of the Female Pot Smoker», Paper, June 3, 2014, http://www.papermag.com/coming-out-as-a-stonergirl-online-the-emergence-of-the-female-pot-smok-1427309514.html

149

Ari Spool, «Toke Like a Girl», The Stranger, August 16, 2007.

150

Anna Brain, «Seth and the City», The Daily Telegraph, January 14, 2015.

151

Willa Paskin, «Broad City», Slate, January 22, 2014, http://www.slate.com/articles/arts/television/2014/01/broad_city_starring_ilana_glazer_and_abbi_jacobson_reviewed.html.

152

Megan Angelo, «Adrift in New York, Web Comics Seek a Larger Audience», The New York Times, http://www.nytimes.com/2012/04/15/arts/television/young-comics-adapting-broad-city-from-web-to-fx.html; Alessandra Stanley, «Broad City Brings a Female Twist to Failure», The New York Times, January 21, 2014; and Sam Adams, «Broad City Season Two», Indiewire, January 14, 2015, http://www.indiewire.com/2015/01/broad-city-season-2-reviews-abbi-and-ilanna-are-back-as-raunchy-and-right-on-as-ever-125104/.

153

Lacey Rose, «The ‘Broad City’ Stars Q&A: Young Jewesses Are Really Hot Right Now», The Hollywood Reporter, April 6, 2016, http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/features/yas-queen-broad-city-stars-880082.

154

Jada Yuan, «The Broad City Hustle», New York, March 10, 2015.

155

Sara Stewart, «Broad City Stars Dish on Marijuana and NYC», New York Post, October 31, 2014.

156

Maureen Halushak, «Broad City’s Abbi and Ilana: ‘The Best F-cking Interview’», Flare, December 21, 2015; Chuck Barney, «Tonight’s TV Picks», The Mercury News (San Jose), January 20, 2014, http://www.mercurynews.com/2014/01/20/tonights-tv-picks-outbreak-on-revolution-premonition-on-american-horror-story-coven/; «Six Degrees No Bacon», Jewish Press of Tampa, http://jewishpressoftampa.our-hometown.com/news/2014–04–11/Culture/6_degrees_no_Bacon.html; Chuck Barney, «Tina Fey, Amy Poehler Bring Funny Back to Golden Globe Awards», The Mercury News (San Jose), January 5, 2015, http://www.mercurynews.com/2015/01/05/tina-fey-amy-poehler-bring-funny-back-to-golden-globe-awards/; and Memphis Barker, «Love Friends but Want Something More Feminist, Racially Diverse, and Risque? Then Watch Broad City», The Independent, March 10, 2015.

157

Mike Albo, «How Broad City Became the Greatest Show on Television», Out, February 2, 2016.

158

Simmons, «Amy Poehler Talks ‘Broad City’ Roots».

159

Paumgarten, «Id Girls».

160

Albo, «How Broad City Became the Greatest Show on Television».

161

Paskin, «Broad City».

162

Phillip Maciak, «Theses on the Dance Moves of Ilana Glazer», Los Angeles Review of Books, April 2, 2014, https://lareviewofbooks.org/article/unruly-stoner-girl-makes-broad-city-radical/.

163

Halushak, «Broad City’s Abbi and Ilana».

164

Yuan, «The Broad City Hustle».

165

Amanda Erickson, «Abbi Jacobson Has Always Wanted to Meet Darren Star. So We Got Them Together», The Washington Post, August 27, 2015.

166

John Wenzel, «Broad City Stars Ilana Glazer and Abbi Jacobson Talk Touring, Fans», The Denver Post, November 19, 2014.

167

Kayla Epstein, «Broad City Stars: ‘Comparing Us to Girls Is Reductive’», The Guardian, May 19, 2015.

168

Nell Scovell, «Broad City’s Abbi Jacobson and Ilana Glazer Play Broad and Real Simultaneously», Vanity Fair, January 2015.

169

Rachel Syme, «The Broad Strokes», Grantland, January 14, 2015, https://grantland.com/features/broad-city-season-2-comedy-central-abbi-jacobson-ilana-glazer/.

170

Halushak, «Broad City’s Abbi and Illana».

171

Stewart, «Broad City Stars Dish on Marijuana and NYC».

172

Jonah Weiner, «The Other Girls», Rolling Stone, January 29, 2015.

173

Kyla Wazana Tompkins and Rebecca Wanzo, «Brown Broads, White TV», Los Angeles Review of Books, March 16, 2015, https://lareviewofbooks.org/article/brown-broads-white-tv/.

174

Emily Nussbaum, «Laverne and Curly», The New Yorker, March 7, 2016.

175

Интерсекциональный феминизм основан на представлении, что не существует отдельно взятого женского опыта; что борьба за права женщин неотделима от борьбы за права ЛГБТ, против расизма и других видов дискриминации.

176

Там же.

177

Chuck Creekmur, «Dear Nicki Minaj: An Open Letter from a Father», MadameNoire, July 25, 2014, http://madamenoire.com/565169/dear-nicki-minaj-an-open-letter-from-a-father/.

178

Lauren Nostro, «The Real Her», Complex, December 2014/January 2015.

179

Псевдоним Глории Джинн Уоткинс (р. 1952), пишется именно со строчных.

180

Bell Hooks, «Selling Hot Pussy: Representations of Black Female Sexuality in the Cultural Marketplace», in Black Looks: Race and Representation (Boston: South End Press, 1992).

181

В данном контексте речь о сексуальной объективации, то есть опредмечивании женщины, сведению ее к образу, искусственно наделенному рядом привычных обществу характеристик. (Прим. ред.)

182

Teresa Jusino, «Nicki Minaj and Miley Cyrus at the VMAs: A Case Study in Intersectional Feminism», The Mary Sue, September 2, 2015.

183

Touré, «Challenging Hip-Hop’s Masculine Ideal», The New York Times, December 23, 2011.

184

Nikki Lane, «Black Women Queering the Mic: Missy Elliott Disturbing the Boundaries of Racialized Sexuality and Gender», Journal of Homosexuality 58 (2011).

185

Julianne Escobedo Shepherd, «Nicki Minaj Assumes Control», Fader, March 11, 2010.

186

Siobhan O’Connor, «Character Study: Just How Real Is Nikki Minaj?», Vibe, June/July 2010.

187

Nostro, «The Real Her».

188

Shepherd, «Nicki Minaj Assumes Control».

189

Uri McMillan, «Nicki-Aesthetics: The Camp Performance of Nicki Minaj», Women & Performance: A Journal of Feminist Theory 24, no. 1 (2014).

190

Marquita R. Smith», ‘Or a Real, Real Bad Lesbian’: Nicki Minaj and the Acknowledgement of Queer Desire in Hip-Hop Culture», Popular Music and Society 37, no. 3 (2014).

191

Caryn Ganz, «The Curious Case of Nicki Minaj», Out, September 12, 2010.

192

Smith, «‘Or a Real, Real Bad Lesbian».

193

Там же.

194

Ganz, «The Curious Case of Nicki Minaj».

195

Jonah Weiner, «Nicki Minaj», Rolling Stone, October 14, 2010.

196

Там же.

197

Nostro, «The Real Her».

198

Ann Powers, «Fractured Femmes: Madonna and Nicki Minaj Man Up», The Record, NPR.org, April 5, 2012.

199

Jody Rosen, «Review: Nicki Minaj: Pink Friday: Roman Reloaded», Rolling Stone, April 6, 2012.

200

Shepherd, «Nicki Minaj Assumes Control».

201

Carrie Battan, «Cover Story: Nicki Minaj», Fader, August/September 2014.

202

Brodesser-Akner, «Nicki Minaj: Cheeky Genius».

203

Sophie Kleeman, «Nicki Minaj’s New ‘Anaconda’ Video Is Here – and It’s a Huge Letdown», Mic, August 20, 2014.

204

Creekmur, «Dear Nicki Minaj».

205

Nostro, «The Real Her».

206

Weiner, «Darling Nicki».

207

Mychal Denzel Smith, «Nicki Minaj’s Butt and the Politics of Black Women’s Sexuality», Feministing, July 29, 2014, http://feministing.com/2014/07/29/nicki-minajs-butt-and-the-politics-of-black-womens-sexuality/.

208

Julianne Escobedo Shepherd, «Hustle & Glow», Nylon, March 2016.

209

Sydney Lace, «Hip-hop Rumors: Nicki Minaj Goes HAM on the Breakfast Club!», AllHipHop.com, November 23, 2012, http://allhiphop.com/2012/11/23/hip-hop-rumors-nicki-minaj-goes-ham-on-the-breakfast-club-calls-them-dck-riders/.

210

Weiner, «Darling Nicki».

211

Vanessa Grigoriadis, «The Passion of Nicki Minaj», The New York Times Magazine, October 7, 2015.

212

Mark Anthony Green, «Nicki Minaj and Meek Mill on How to Deal with Haters», GQ, September 22, 2015.

213

Дискриминация по признаку возраста.

214

Susan Sontag, «The Double Standard of Aging», in Essays of the 1960s & 70s, ed. David Rieff (New York: Library of America, 2013).

215

Там же.

216

Vanessa Barnett, «Drake and Madonna Kiss… and It’s Super Gross!» HipHollywood, April 13, 2015.

217

Deborah Jermyn and Su Holmes, eds., Women, Celebrity & Cultures of Ageing: Freeze Frame (Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015).

218

Steven Anderson, «Forgive Me Father», The Village Voice, April 4, 1989, 67–68.

219

Lucy O’Brien, «Madonna: Like a Crone», in ‘Rock On’: Women, Ageing and Popular Music, ed. Abigail Gardner (Burlington, VT: Routledge, 2016).

220

Там же.

221

Там же.

222

D. J. Conway, Maiden, Mother, Crone: The Myth & Reality of the Triple Goddess (Minneapolis: Llewellyn Publications, 1997).

223

R. Simpson, «Even with Muscles Like These…», Daily Mail, June 26, 2006; «Madonna’s Lawyers: Guy Ritchie Said She Looked Like a ‘Granny’; Accuse Him of Verbal Abuse», New York Daily News, October 19, 2008, http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/gossip/madonna-lawyers-guy-ritchie-granny-accuse-verbal-abuse-article-1.302692; http://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-1121343/As-Madonna-poses-ANOTHER-raunchy-album-picture-doing-70.html.

224

Austin Scaggs, «Madonna Looks Back: The Rolling Stone Interview», Rolling Stone, October 29, 2009.

225

Lindy West, «Madonna, What Are You Doing», Jezebel, January 27, 2014.

226

Julia Baird, «What Happened to Madonna», The Sydney Morning Herald, April 1, 2012.

227

Brian Hiatt, «Madonna», Rolling Stone, February 25, 2015.

228

«Are you supposed to just DIE?» is from television interview Jonathan Ross in 1992 to promote Erotica.

229

Marlow Stern, «Shirley Manson of Garbage on Brexit, Taylor Swift, and How the Scots Have ‘Disowned’ Trump», The Daily Beast, June 26, 2016.

230

Madeleine Davies, «Kim Kardashian Calls Pregnancy ‘The Worst Experience of My Life’», Jezebel, October 5, 2015, http://jezebel.com/kim-kardashian-calls-pregnancy-the-worst-experience-of-1734798586.

231

Bettijane Levine, «Demi Moore Exposes New Mood on Motherhood», Los Angeles Times. July 15, 1991.

232

Susan Heller Anderson, «Demi Moore, Uncovered on Vanity Fair’s Cover», The New York Times, July 11, 1991, B20.

233

Levine, «Demi Moore Exposes New Mood on Motherhood».

234

Там же.

235

Molly Jong-Fast, «View: Out of Step and Having a Baby», The New York Times, October 5, 2003.

236

Jane M. Ussher, Managing the Monstrous Feminine: Regulating the Reproductive Body (New York: Routledge, 2006).

237

Quoted in Robyn Longhurst, «Breaking Corporeal Boundaries: Pregnant Bodies in Public Places», in Contested Bodies, ed. John Hassard and Ruth Holliday (New York: Routledge, 2003).

238

Renée Ann Cramer, Pregnant with the Stars: Watching and Wanting the Celebrity Baby Bump (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2015).

239

Imogen Tyler, «Pregnant Beauty: Material Femininities Under Neoliberalism», in New Femininities: Postfeminism, Neoliberalism, and Subjectivity, ed. Rosalind Gill and Christina Scharff (New York: Springer, 2013).

240

Min, How to Look Hot in a Minivan.

241

Veronica Bridget Ward, «Eating Disorders in Pregnancy», The BMJ 336 (January 2008): 93–96, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2190274/.

242

Claire Zillman, «This Startup’s Perk for Pregnant Employees? A $2000 Maternity Clothes Shopping Spree», Fortune, October 23, 2015.

243

Cover image, New York Post, March 27, 2013.

244

Rose Walano, «Kim Kardashian’s Pregnancy Style: Look Back at Her Best Looks the First Time Around!», Stylish (blog), Us Weekly, June 1, 2015, http://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-style/news/kim-kardashians-first-pregnancy-style-photos-201516; and Shanelle Rein-Olowokere, «Oh, Mama! Kim Kardashian’s Super-Trendy Maternity Style», June 15, 2013, http://people.com/babies/kim-kardashian-maternity-style-trends-photos/.

245

Tia Williams, «Kim Kardashian’s Maternity Style Evolution: Kiki, or Heather Locklear on Melrose Place?», VH1.com, May 21, 2013, http://www.vh1.com/news/84850/kim-kardashians-maternity-style-3/.

246

Rein-Olowokere, «Oh, Mama!»; Cameron Wolf, «An Obsessive Comparison of Kim Kardashian’s Pregnancy Styles», Racked, November 12, 2015, http://www.racked.com/2015/11/12/9703198/kim-kardashian-pregnancy-style; and nsolofsky, «The Best and Worst of Kim Kardashian’s Maternity Style», OKMagazine.com, June 18, 2013, http://okmagazine.com/photos/best-and-worst-kim-kardashians-maternity-style/.

247

Maureen Brewster, «Bump Watch: Fashioning Celebrity Pregnancy as Performance and Product», master’s thesis, the New School, 2014.

248

Cramer, Pregnant with the Stars.

249

Allison Takeda, «Kim Kardashian Flaunts Pregnant Bikini Body on Vacation in Greece: Picture», Us Weekly, May 8, 2013, http://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-body/news/kim-kardashian-flaunts-pregnant-bikini-body-on-family-vacation-in-greece-picture-201385.

250

Cramer, Pregnant with the Stars.

251

Tom Junod, «You Think You Know Hillary Clinton, But You Have No Idea», Esquire, February 2016.

252

Hillary Rodham, «The Class of ’69», Life, June 20, 1969.

253

Gwen Ifill, «The 1992 Campaign: Hillary Clinton Defends Her Conduct in Law Firm», The New York Times, March 17, 1992. https://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/16/magazine/how-hillary-clinton-became-hillary.html?_r=0

254

Quoted in Rebecca Traister, Big Girls Don’t Cry: The Election That Changed Everything for American Women (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2011).

255

David Lauter and Karen Tumulty, «Hillary Clinton Speech May Signal More Active Role», Los Angeles Times, November 18, 1992.

256

Там же.

257

David Broder, «What Role Should Hillary Clinton Play?», The Washington Post, November 29, 1992.

258

Maureen Dowd, «Hillary Rodham Clinton Strikes a New Pose and Multiplies Her Image», The New York Times, December 12, 1993.

259

Jill Gerston, «A Closetful of Classics», Los Angeles Times, November 20, 1992.

260

Dowd, «Hillary Rodham Clinton Strikes a New Pose».

261

Henry Louis Gates, «Hating Hillary», The New Yorker, February 26, 1996.

262

Там же.

263

Там же.

264

Дело о финансовых махинациях при строительстве недвижимости в районе реки Уайтуотер (штат Арканзас).

265

Кинорежиссер, сценарист (1947–2012), фильмы: «Когда Гарри встретил Салли», «Вам письмо», «Неспящие в Сиэттле» и др.

266

Исполнительница кантри, чья самая известная песня – Stand by your man («Поддерживай своего мужчину») (англ.).

267

Anna Wintour, «Editor’s Note», Vogue, November 1998.

268

Ed Vulliamy, «White House in Vogue», The New York Observer, November 22, 1998.

269

Traister, «Big Girls Don’t Cry».

270

Nate Silver, «Why Hillary Clinton Would Be Strong in 2016 (It’s Not Her Favorability Ratings)», The New York Times, December 11, 2012.

271

Margaret Talbot, «2016’s Manifest Misogyny», The New Yorker, October 24, 2016.

272

Karrin Vasby Anderson, «Rhymes with Rich: ‘Bitch’ as a Tool of Containment in Contemporary American Politics», Rhetoric and Public Affairs 22, no. 4 (1999).

273

Andi Zeisler, «The B-Word? You Betcha», The Washington Post, November 18, 2007.

274

Max Weber, On Charisma and Institution Building (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1968).

275

Jonathan Alter, Between the Lines: A View Inside American Politics, People and Culture, State Street Press, 2008.

276

Цитируется в Traister, Big Girls Don’t Cry.

277

Amanda Fortini, «The Feminist Reawakening: Hillary Clinton and the Fourth Wave», New York, April 13, 2008.

278

Rebecca Traister, «Hey, Obama Boys: Back Off Already!», Salon, April 14, 2008.

279

Fortini, «The Feminist Reawakening».

280

Amy Chozick, «Hillary Clinton Raises Her Voice, and a Debate over Speech and Sexism Rages», The New York Times, February 4, 2016.

281

Kim Lyons, «How Will a Woman Running for President in 2016 Be Portrayed?» Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, April 26, 2015.

282

Erica Jong, «Why I Trust Hillary Clinton», CNN.com, May 26, 2016.

283

Nic Subtirelu, «Bashing Hillary Clinton’s Coice: ‘Screeching,’ ‘Shrieking,’ and ‘Shrill’», Linguistic Pulse, February 8, 2016.

284

Kim Janssen, «Soprano Renee Fleming ‘would love to’ work on Hillary’s voice», Chicago Tribune, June 10, 2016.

285

Frida Ghitis, «The ‘Shrill’ Smear Against Hillary Clinton», CNN.com, February 8, 2016.

286

Glenn Thrust, «Obama on Iowa, Clinton, Sanders and 2016», Politico, January 25, 2016.

287

Lori Poloni-Staudinger, J. Cherie Strachan, Brian Schaffner, «In 6 Graphs, Here’s Why Young Women Don’t Support Hillary Clinton as Much as Older Women Do», The Washington Post, April 11, 2016.

288

Glenn Greenwald, «The ‘Bernie Bros’ Narrative: A Cheap Campaign Tactic Masquerading as Journalism and Social Activism», The Intercept, January 31, 2016.

289

Ezra Klein, «Understanding Hillary», Vox, July 11, 2016.

290

Там же.

291

Available at «The Most Thorough, Profound and Moving Defense of Hillary Clinton I Have Ever Seen», Daily Kos, June 11, 2016.

292

Там же.

293

Lori Beaman, Raghabendra Chattopadhyay, Esther Duflo, Rohini Pande, Petia Topalova, «Perceptions of Female Leaders in India», Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009, https://www.povertyactionlab.org/evaluation/perceptions-female-leaders-india.

294

Jennifer Graham, «Caitlyn Is Still a Mister», Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, June 4, 2015.

295

Трансгендерная женщина, актриса, номинирована на премию «Эмми» за роль в сериале «Оранжевый – хит сезона».

296

Сериал (оригинальное название Transparent — «прозрачный») (англ.), главная героиня которого – трансгендерная женщина.

297

Human Rights Campaign and Trans People of Color Coalition, «Addressing Anti-Transgender Violence», http://hrc-assets.s3-website-us-east-1.amazonaws.com//files/assets/resources/HRC-AntiTransgenderViolence-0519.pdf.

298

Lisa Duggan, The Twilight of Equality? Neoliberalism, Cultural Politics, and the Attack On Democracy (Boston: Beacon Press, 2003).

299

В 2019 году ВОЗ исключила трансгендерность из категории «психическое здоровье» и перенесла в категорию «сексуальное здоровье» (Международная классификация болезней – 11).

300

Evan Vipond, «Resisting Transnormativity: Challenging the Medicalization and Regulation of Trans Bodies», Theory in Action 8, no. 2 (April 2015).

301

Julia Serano, Whipping Girl: A Transsexual Woman on Sexism and the Scapegoating of Femininity (Emeryville, CA: Seal Press, 2016).

302

Там же.

303

Buzz Bissinger, «Caitlyn Jenner: The Full Story», Vanity Fair, July 2015.

304

Katy Steinmetz, «Caitlyn Jenner on Privilege, Reality TV and Deciding to Come Out», Time, December 9, 2015.

305

Caitlin Campisi, «Homonationalism on TV? A Critical Discourse Analysis of Queer and Trans* Youth Representation on Mainstream Teen Television Shows», master’s thesis, University of Ottawa, 2013.

306

Alex Rees, «Caitlyn Jenner Tells Time Magazine That ‘If You Look Like a Man in a Dress, It Makes People Uncomfortable’», Cosmopolitan, December 10, 2015.

307

Meredith Talusan, «The Problem with Caitlyn Jenner Is Bigger than Beauty Standards», BuzzFeed, December 19, 2015.

308

Steinmetz, «Caitlyn Jenner on Privilege, Reality TV and Deciding to Come Out».

309

Господствующее социальное устройство, при котором биологический пол автоматически определяет гендер.

310

Jos Truitt, «On Jill Soloway, Caitlyn Jenner, and the Trans Representation the Media Wants», Feministing, December 21, 2016.

311

Jos Truitt, «Transgender People Are More Visible Than Ever. So Why Is There More Anti-Trans Legislation Than Ever, Too?», The Nation, March 4, 2016.

312

В конечном итоге по результатам референдума декрет не был принят.

313

Ian McEwan, «Hello, Would You Like a Free Book?», The Guardian, September 20, 2005.

314

Jonathan Franzen, interviewed by Terry Gross, Fresh Air, October 15, 2001, http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=1131456.

315

Trip Gabriel, «Women Buy Fiction in Bulk and Publishers Take Notice», The New York Times, March 17, 1997.

316

Идея флэшмоба была в том, чтобы привлечь внимание критиков к книгам, написанным не только белыми мужчинами. Фигура Дж. Франзена стала символом автора, на которого обычно обращают внимание литературные критики.

317

Rebecca Mead, «Written Off», The New Yorker, January 13, 2014.

318

Jane Mulkerrins, «Jennifer Weiner: Why I’m Waging War on Literary Snobbery», The Telegraph, August 17, 2014.

319

Susan Lerner, «A Conversation with Jonathan Franzen», Booth: A Journal, February 13, 2015, http://booth.butler.edu/2015/02/13/a-conversation-with-jonathan-franzen/.

320

Aja Romano, «Why Jonathan Franzen’s Social Media Fear Indicts the Entire Publishing Industry», The Daily Dot, September 22, 2013; and Stephanie Harzewski, Chick Lit and Postfeminism (Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2011).

321

Nathan Sheppard, The Essays of George Eliot (New York: Funk & Wagnalls, 1883).

322

Andreas Huyssen, «Mass Culture as Woman: Modernism’s Other», After the Great Divide: Modernism, Mass Culture, Postmodernism (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1987).

323

Dwight Macdonald, Masscult and Midcult: Essays Against the American Grain (New York: New York Review of Books Classics, 2011).

324

Там же.

325

Quoted in Kathleen Rooney, Reading with Oprah: The Book Club That Changed America (Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press, 2005).

326

Beth Driscoll, The New Literary Middlebrow: Tastemakers and Reading in the Twenty-First Century (New York: Palgrave McMillan, 2014).

327

David D. Kirkpatrick, «Oprah Gaffe by Franzen Draws Ire and Sales», The New York Times, October 29, 2001.

328

Jonathan Franzen, «Perchance to Dream», Harper’s, April 1996; and ibid.

329

Kirkpatrick, «Oprah Gaffe by Franzen Draws Ire and Sales».

330

Jennifer Weiner, «Oprah Meets Chutzpah», The Philadelphia Inquirer, October 27, 2001.

331

Mulkerrins, «Jennifer Weiner: Why I’m Waging War on Literary Snobbery».

332

Cris Mazza, «Imperative: Chick Lit and the Perversion of a Genre», Poets & Writers, January/February 2005.

333

James Wolcott, «Hear Me Purr», The New Yorker, May 20, 1996.

334

Leslie Gray Streeter, «The ‘Chick-Lit’ Label: Demeaning or Empowering?», The Palm Beach Post (Florida), October 4, 2005.

335

Mazza, «Imperative: Chick Lit and the Perversion of a Genre».

336

Natalie Danford, «The Chick Lit Question», Publishers Weekly, October 20, 2003; quoted in Tania Modleski, Loving with a Vengeance: Mass Produced Fantasies for Women (New York: Routledge, 2008); and Whitney Otto, «Unoriginal Sins», The New York Times, May 12, 2006.

337

Elizabeth Merrick, This Is Not Chick Lit: Original Stories by America’s Best Women Writers (No Heels Required) (New York: Random House, 2006).

338

Tanya Barrientos, «Sassy, Kicky ‘Chick Lit’ is the Hottest Trend in Publishing», The Philadelphia Inquirer, May 25 2003.

339

Jessica Pressler, «Miss Popularity», Phildelphia magazine, October 1, 2005.

340

Pavel Barter, «Woman of Substance», The Sunday Times (London), July 29, 2007; and Aileen Jacobson, «Gender Bias», Chicago Tribune, May 17, 2004.

341

Streeter, «The ‘Chick-Lit’ Label».

342

Pressler, «Miss Popularity».

343

Streeter, «The ‘Chick-Lit’ Label».

344

Jennifer Weiner, Hungry Heart: Adventures in Love, Life, and Writing (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2016).

345

Jason Pinter, «Jodi Picoult and Jennifer Weiner Speak Out on Franzen Feud», The Huffington Post, August 26, 2010.

346

«Fact-Checking the Franzenfreude», DoubleX (blog), Slate, September 2, 2010.

347

Некоммерческая организация, которая занимается исследованием гендерного дисбаланса в сфере литературы.

348

«The Count 2010», VIDA: Women in Literary Arts, May 16, 2011, http://www.vidaweb.org/the-count-2010/.

349

Julie Steinberg, «Jennifer Egan on Winning the 2011 Pultizer Prize for Fiction», The Wall Street Journal, April 18, 2011; Edra Ziesk, «Meg Wolitzer: Men Won’t Read Books About Women», Salon, April 9, 2013; and «Lena Dunham: The Creator of HBO’s Girls Shares Her Reading Habits», The New York Times, April 19, 2012.

350

Julie Steinberg, «Jennifer Weiner Talks ‘Good in Bed,’ Chick Lit and Cheating Husbands», The Wall Street Journal, May 24, 2011.

351

Там же.; Aja Romano, «Why Jonathan Franzen’s Social Media Fear»; and Jane Mulkerrins, «Jenny & the Chick-Lit Factory», The Sunday Telegraph, August 17, 2014.

352

Daniel D’Addario, «A Brief History of Jennifer Weiner’s Literary Fights», Salon, May 24, 2013.

353

Sandy Hingston, «Jennifer Weiner, Shut Up», Philadelphia magazine, Sept 13 2010.

354

Emily Shire, «I Love Jennifer Weiner, but She Needs to Back Off», The Week, January 8, 2014.

355

Jennifer Weiner, «I’m Glad the NYT Is Finally Covering Commercial Fiction, and Sorry If I Went Too Far», Salon, September 10, 2013.

356

Там же.

357

Jonathan Franzen and Karl Kraus, The Kraus Project: Essays by Karl Kraus (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2013).

358

Jennifer Weiner, «What Jonathan Franzen Misunderstands About Me», The New Republic, September 18, 2013.

359

Beth Driscoll, The New Literary Middlebrow.

360

Weiner, Hungry Heart.

361

Там же.

362

«Letters», March 2, 2016, The New York Times Book Review, http://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/06/books/review/letters-lit-up.html.

363

Jennifer Weiner, «The Snobs and Me», The New York Times, June 10, 2016.

364

Emily Nussbaum, «The Little Tramp», The New Yorker, May 11, 2015.

365

«Ideas That Have Outlived Their Usefulness», The Atlantic, July/August 2013.

366

Kenneth Clark, The Nude: A Study in Ideal Form (first published 1956; Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1972).

367

Там же.

368

Margaret R. Miles, Carnal Knowing: Female Nakedness and Religious Meaning in the Christian West (Eugene, OR: Wipf and Stock, 2006).

369

John Berger, Ways of Seeing (New York: Penguin Books, 2008).

370

For more on the institution of the Hays Code, see Thomas Doherty, Pre-Code Hollywood: Sex, Immorality, and Insurrection in American Cinema, 1930–1934, 2nd ed. (New York: Columbia University Press, 1999).

371

Там же.

372

Myles McNutt, «Game of Thrones – ‘You Win or You Die’», Cultural Learnings (blog), May 29, 2011.

373

Lena Dunham, Not That Kind of Girl: A Young Woman Tells You What She’s «Learned» (New York: Random House, 2015).

374

Rebecca Mead, «Downtown’s Daughter», The New Yorker, November 15, 2010.

375

Там же.

376

Susan Bordo, Unbearable Weight: Feminism, Western Culture, and the Body, 10th anniversary ed. (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2004).

377

Там же.

378

Там же.

379

Там же.

380

Lizzie Crocker, «How Lena Dunham Gets Dressed for ‘Girls’», The Daily Beast, January 11, 2015.

381

Там же.

382

Цитата из «Фонтана», короткометражного фильма, снятого Линой Данэм в 2007 году.

383

Dhani Mau, «Girls Fashion Recap», Fashionista, January 28, 2013.

384

Dunham, Not That Kind of Girl.

385

Там же.

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