Ring, Orseau 2011 — Ring Mark, Orseau Laurent. Delusion, Survival, and Intelligent Agents // Artificial General Intelligence: 4th International Conference, AGI 2011, Mountain View, CA, USA, August 3–6, 2011. Proceedings / Eds. Jürgen Schmidhuber, Kristinn R. Thórisson, Moshe Looks. Lecture Notes in Computer Science 6830. Berlin: Springer, 2011, p. 11–20.
Ritchie et al. 2007 — Ritchie Graeme, Manurung Ruli, Waller Annalu. A Practical Application of Computational Humour // Proceedings of the 4th International Joint Workshop on Computational Creativity / Eds. Amilcar Cardoso, Geraint A. Wiggins. London: Goldsmiths, University of London, 2007, p. 91–98.
Roache 2008 — Roache Rebecca. Ethics, Speculation, and Values // NanoEthics, 2008, 2 (3), p. 317–327.
Robles et al. 2008 — Robles J. A., Lineweaver C. H., Grether D., Flynn C., Egan C. A., Pracy M. B., Holmberg J., Gardner E. A Comprehensive Comparison of the Sun to Other Stars: Searching for Self-Selection Effects // Astrophysical Journal, 2008, 684 (1), p. 691–706.
Roe 1953 — Roe Anne. The Making of a Scientist. New York: Dodd, Mead, 1953.
Roy 2012 — Roy Deb. About, 2012 (Retrieved October 14; http://web.media.mit.edu/~dkroy/).
Rubin, Watson 2011 — Rubin Jonathan, Watson Ian. Computer Poker: A Review // Artificial Intelligence, 2011, 175 (5–6), p. 958–987.
Rumelhart et al. 1986 — Rumelhart D. E., Hinton G. E., Williams R. J. Learning Representations by Back-Propagating Errors // Nature, 1986, 323 (6088), p. 533–536.
Russell 1986 — Russell Bertrand. The Philosophy of Logical Atomism // The Philosophy of Logical Atomism and Other Essays 1914–1919 / Ed. John G. Slater. The Collected Papers of Bertrand Russell. Boston: Allen & Unwin, 1986, 8, p. 157–244.
Russell, Griffin 2001 — Russell Bertrand, Griffin Nicholas. The Selected Letters of Bertrand Russell: The Public Years, 1914–1970. New York: Routledge, 2001.
Russell, Norvig 2010 — Russell Stuart J., Norvig Peter. Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach. 3rd ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 2010.
Sabrosky 1952 — Sabrosky Curtis W. How Many Insects Are There? // Insects / Ed. United States Department of Agriculture. Yearbook of Agriculture. Washington, DC: United States Government Printing Office, 1952, p. 1–7.
Salamon 2009 — Salamon Anna. When Software Goes Mental: Why Artificial Minds Mean Fast Endogenous Growth // Working Paper, 2009, December 27.
Salem, Rowan 2001 — Salem D. J., Rowan A. N. The State of the Animals: 2001. Public Policy Series. Washington, DC: Humane Society Press, 2001.
Salverda et al. 2009 — Salverda W., Nolan B., Smeeding T. M. The Oxford Handbook of Economic Inequality. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009.
Samuel 1959 — Samuel A. L. Some Studies in Machine Learning Using the Game of Checkers // IBM Journal of Research and Development, 1959, 3 (3), p. 210–219.
Sandberg 1999 — Sandberg Anders. The Physics of Information Processing Superobjects: Daily Life Among the Jupiter Brains // Journal of Evolution and Technology, 1999, 5.
Sandberg 2010 — Sandberg Anders. An Overview of Models of Technological Singularity. Paper presented at the Roadmaps to AGI and the Future of AGI Workshop, Lugano, Switzerland, 2010, March 8.
Sandberg 2013 — Sandberg Anders. Feasibility of Whole Brain Emulation // Philosophy and Theory of Artificial Intelligence / Ed. Vincent C. Müller. Studies in Applied Philosophy, Epistemology and Rational Ethics. New York: Springer, 2013, 5, p. 251–264.
Sandberg, Bostrom 2006 — Sandberg Anders, Bostrom Nick. Converging Cognitive Enhancements // Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2006, 1093, p. 201–227.
Sandberg, Bostrom 2008 — Sandberg Anders, Bostrom Nick. Whole Brain Emulation: A Roadmap. Technical Report 2008–3. Future of Humanity Institute, University of Oxford, 2008.
Sandberg, Bostrom 2011 — Sandberg Anders, Bostrom Nick. Machine Intelligence Survey. Technical Report 2011–1. Future of Humanity Institute, University of Oxford, 2011.
Sandberg, Savulescu 2011 — Sandberg Anders, Savulescu Julian. The Social and Economic Impacts of Cognitive Enhancement // Enhancing Human Capacities / Eds. Julian Savulescu, Ruud ter Meulen, Guy Kahane. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011, 92–112.
Schaeffer 1997 — Schaeffer Jonathan. One Jump Ahead: Challenging Human Supremacy in Checkers. New York: Springer, 1997.
Schaeffer et al. 2007 — Schaeffer J., Burch N., Bjornsson Y., Kishimoto A., Muller M., Lake R., Lu P., Sutphen S. Checkers Is Solved // Science, 2007, 317 (5844), p. 1518–1522.
Schalk 2008 — Schalk Gerwin. Brain-Computer Symbiosis // Journal of Neural Engineering, 2008, 5 (1), p. P1–P15.
Schelling 1980 — Schelling Thomas C. The Strategy of Conflict. 2nd ed. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1980.
Schultz 2000 — Schultz T. R. In Search of Ant Ancestors // Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2000, 97 (26), p. 14028–14029.
Schultz et al. 1997 — Schultz W., Dayan P., Montague P. R. A Neural Substrate of Prediction and Reward // Science, 1997, 275 (5306), p. 1593–1599.
Schwartz 1987 — Schwartz Jacob T. Limits of Artificial Intelligence // Encyclopedia of Artificial Intelligence / Eds. Stuart C. Shapiro, David Eckroth. New York: Wiley, 1987, 1, p. 488–503.
Schwitzgebel 2013 — Schwitzgebel Eric. If Materialism is True, the United States is Probably Conscious // Working Paper, 2013, February 8.
Sen, Williams 1982 — Utilitarianism and Beyond / Eds. Amartya Sen, Bernard Williams. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1982.
Shanahan 2010 — Shanahan Murray. Embodiment and the Inner Life: Cognition and Consciousness in the Space of Possible Minds. New York: Oxford University Press, 2010.
Shannon 2012 — Shannon Robert V. Advances in Auditory Prostheses // Current Opinion in Neurology, 2012, 25 (1), p. 61–66.
Shapiro 1992 — Shapiro Stuart C. Artificial Intelligence // Encyclopedia of Artificial Intelligence. 2nd ed. New York: Wiley, 1992, 1, p. 54–57.
Sheppard 2002 — Sheppard Brian. World-Championship-Caliber Scrabble // Artificial Intelligence, 2002, 134 (1–2), p. 241–275.
Shoemaker 1969 — Shoemaker Sydney. Time Without Change // Journal of Philosophy, 1969, 66 (12), p. 363–381.
Shulman 2010 a — Shulman Carl. Omohundro’s «Basic AI Drives» and Catastrophic Risks. San Francisco, CA: Machine Intelligence Research Institute, 2010.
